Longitudinal processes rarely occur in isolation; often the growth curves of 2 or more variables are interdependent. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/LBH-589.html Moreover, growth curves rarely exhibit a constant pattern of change. Many educational and psychological phenomena are comprised of different developmental phases (segments). Bivariate piecewise linear mixed-effects models (BPLMEM) are a useful and flexible statistical framework that allow simultaneous modeling of 2 processes that portray segmented change and investigates their associations over time. The purpose of the present study was to develop a BPLMEM using a Bayesian inference approach allowing the estimation of the association between the error variances and providing a more robust modeling choice for the joint random-effects of the 2 processes. This study aims to improve upon the limitations of the prior literature on bivariate piecewise mixed-effects models, such as only allowing the modeling of uncorrelated residual errors across the 2 longitudinal processes and restricting modeling choices for the random effects. The performance of the BPLMEM was investigated via a Monte Carlo simulation study. Furthermore, the utility of BPLMEM was illustrated by using a national educational dataset, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort (ECLS-K), where we examined the joint development of mathematics and reading achievement scores and the association between their trajectories over 7 measurement occasions. The findings obtained shed new light on the relationship between these 2 prominent educational domains over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).Little is known about how developmental experiences spanning early childhood through adolescence prepare children and youth to engage with society, and even less so for ethnically diverse Black children and youth. Building from work linking positive youth development (PYD) to civic engagement, this study examined how socialization trajectories from early childhood through adolescence in concert with early childhood experiences and contexts related to adolescent civic development. Person-centered analysis (PCA) through trajectory modeling was conducted using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-99 (ECLS-K). Family-level inclusion criteria was used to identify the subsample wherein at least 1 parent identified as Black or African American (N = 3,562); 49.5% of children were female. The ECLS-K component measure of socioeconomic status (SES) indicated that most families were from low SES backgrounds (54.5%), followed by middle and upper-middle class (36.4%,), then upper-middle class and beyond (9.1%). Civic development was measured by the PYD outcomes of competence, confidence, connection to school and peers, caring, and character, which have positively accounted for civic engagement across ethnically and racially diverse youth. Findings suggest that diversity in socialization experiences, sociocultural background, and context result in differential outcomes of civic development. This builds on previous civic engagement work by affirming the importance of parental perceptions, civic opportunity, socialization practices, and context. Moreover, this work highlights ethnic diversity among Black youth in civic development and suggests that being from an immigrant family is associated with differential civic outcomes relative to their nonimmigrant counterparts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).This study aimed to illuminate the implications of adolescents' relationships with mothers and fathers for their career development processes and, in turn, their occupational attainment in young adulthood across a 10-12-year period. Grounded in the career construction theory, which highlights adolescence as a significant period of preparation for career attainment and families' role in this process (Savickas, 2013), we tested the mediating effect of adolescent career adaptivity, a fundamental component of career adaptation, in the longitudinal links between mother- and father-adolescent relationship quality and young adult occupational prestige. We also compared mothers' and fathers' roles in these links and tested youth gender moderation. Data came from mothers, fathers, and 236 youth (122 firstborns and 114 secondborns; 53% female) from 147 European American working- to middle-class families. Structural equation modeling tested whether effects of relationships with mothers and fathers at Time 1 (adolescents' Mage = 15.17, SD = .96) were mediated by Time 2 (1 year later) adolescent career adaptivity, represented by academic performance, sense of control, and self-worth, in relation to occupational prestige at about age 26. Results showed that career adaptivity fully mediated the link between mother-adolescent relationship quality and young adult occupational prestige, but the effects of father-adolescent relationship quality were nonsignificant, though model comparison did not reveal a significant difference between mother and father effects. There were no differences by youth gender. Findings contribute to understanding of families' role in youth career development and future attainment and add to the literature on career construction theory. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).Reports an error in "Retrieval potentiates new learning A theoretical and meta-analytic review" by Jason C. K. Chan, Christian A. Meissner and Sara D. Davis (Psychological Bulletin, 2018[Nov], Vol 144[11], 1111-1146). In the article, the Appendix and Supplemental Materials contained errors. Specifically, some of the data were mis-sorted, so that the effect sizes for some studies were misattributed to other studies, with most of the errors occurring in the intrusion data. These errors were confined to the table presented in the article's Appendix and Supplemental Materials, and they were not present in the data file from which the authors conducted all analyses. A corrected version of the Supplemental Materials has been provided online. Corrected studies have been highlighted in this table. Further, a column with the heading "Updated" has been added. Any data that have been updated are marked with a "Y" in this column. In addition, the authors have published an updated, correct data file on the Open Science Framework with the DOI 10.